オブジェクトを作成したにもかかわらず、マイボタンが定義されていませんか？

Question

私は受け入れていますbutton_01は定義されていませんエラーです。私は自分のボタンの作り方を定義するボタンクラスとdefMouseButtonDownのような特定の機能を定義しています。私は私のイベントを整理するシーンクラスです。

私は私のtitleScreenのprocessInputでmouseButtonDown（button_01）を呼び出しました。私は既に自分のtitleScreenのレンダリングでオブジェクトを作成していました。これをどうすれば解決できますか？

import pygame 
import os 


WHITE = (255, 255, 255) 
GREY = (200, 200, 200) 
BLACK = (0, 0, 0) 

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 400)) 

############################### 
class Button(): 
    def __init__(self, txt, location, action, bg=WHITE, fg=BLACK, size=(80, 30), font_name="Segoe Print", font_size=16): 
     self.color = bg # the static (normal) color 
     self.bg = bg # actual background color, can change on mouseover 
     self.fg = fg # text color 
     self.size = size 

     self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(font_name, font_size) 
     self.txt = txt 
     self.txt_surf = self.font.render(self.txt, 1, self.fg) 
     self.txt_rect = self.txt_surf.get_rect(center=[s//2 for s in self.size]) 

     self.surface = pygame.surface.Surface(size) 
     self.rect = self.surface.get_rect(center=location) 

     self.call_back_ = action 

    def draw(self): 
     self.mouseover() 

     self.surface.fill(self.bg) 
     self.surface.blit(self.txt_surf, self.txt_rect) 
     screen.blit(self.surface, self.rect) 

    def mouseover(self): 
     self.bg = self.color 
     pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
     if self.rect.collidepoint(pos): 
      self.bg = GREY # mouseover color 

    def call_back(self): 
     self.call_back_() 


def my_great_function(): 
    print("Great! " * 5) 


def my_fantastic_function(): 
    print("Fantastic! " * 4) 


def mousebuttondown(button): 
    pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
    #for button in buttons: 
     #if button.rect.collidepoint(pos): 
      #button.call_back() 

    if button.rect.collidepoint(pos): 
     button.call_back() 
######################### 


class SceneBase: 
    def __init__(self): 
     self.next = self 

    def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys): 
     print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class") 

    def Update(self): 
     print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class") 

    def Render(self, screen): 
     print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class") 

    def SwitchToScene(self, next_scene): 
     self.next = next_scene 

    def Terminate(self): 
     self.SwitchToScene(None) 

def run_game(width, height, fps, starting_scene): 
    pygame.init() 
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height)) 
    clock = pygame.time.Clock() 

    active_scene = starting_scene 


    while active_scene != None: 
     pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed() 

     # Event filtering 
     filtered_events = [] 
     for event in pygame.event.get(): 
      quit_attempt = False 
      if event.type == pygame.QUIT: 
       quit_attempt = True 
      elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: 
       alt_pressed = pressed_keys[pygame.K_LALT] or \ 
           pressed_keys[pygame.K_RALT] 
       if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: 
        quit_attempt = True 
       elif event.key == pygame.K_F4 and alt_pressed: 
        quit_attempt = True 

      if quit_attempt: 
       active_scene.Terminate() 
      else: 
       filtered_events.append(event) 

     active_scene.ProcessInput(filtered_events, pressed_keys) 
     active_scene.Update() 
     active_scene.Render(screen) 

     active_scene = active_scene.next 

     pygame.display.flip() 
     clock.tick(fps) 

# The rest is code where you implement your game using the Scenes model 

class TitleScene(SceneBase): 
    def __init__(self): 
     SceneBase.__init__(self) 

    def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys): 
     for event in events: 
      if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN: 
       # Move to the next scene when the user pressed Enter 
       self.SwitchToScene(GameScene()) 

      if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: 
       print("You are hitting up!") 
       print(self.next) 

      if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: 
       mousebuttondown(button_01) 

    def Update(self): 
     pass 

    def Render(self, screen): 
     # For the sake of brevity, the title scene is a blank red screen 
     screen.fill((255, 0, 0)) 

     #Title Creation 
     myfont = pygame.font.SysFont(("Moyko"), 50) 
     textImage = myfont.render("Anime Pong", True, (0, 255, 0)) 
     screen.blit(textImage, (100,100)) 

     #Button Creation 

     button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function) 
     button_01.draw() 



def my_great_function(): 
    print("Great! " * 5) 


def my_fantastic_function(): 
    print("Fantastic! " * 4) 


class GameScene(SceneBase): 
    def __init__(self): 
     SceneBase.__init__(self) 

    def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys): 
     pass 

    def Update(self): 
     pass 

    def Render(self, screen): 
     # The game scene is just a blank blue screen 
     screen.fill((0, 0, 255)) 

run_game(800, 400, 60, TitleScene()) 

Answer 1

あなたはローカル変数としてRender方法でbutton_01インスタンスを作成しているし、それがProcessInput方法は、この変数にアクセスできないことを意味します。 __init__メソッドself.button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function)にボタンインスタンスを作成して、他のすべてのメソッドがこの属性にアクセスできるようにする必要があります。

class TitleScene(SceneBase): 
    def __init__(self): 
     SceneBase.__init__(self) 
     # Create the button and the font instance here. 
     self.button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function) 
     self.myfont = pygame.font.SysFont("Moyko", 50) 

    def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys): 
     for event in events: 
      if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN: 
       self.SwitchToScene(GameScene()) 
      if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: 
       print("You are hitting up!") 
       print(self.next) 
      if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: 
       mousebuttondown(self.button_01) 

    def Update(self): 
     pass 

    def Render(self, screen): 
     screen.fill((100, 0, 0)) 

     textImage = self.myfont.render("Anime Pong", True, (0, 255, 0)) 
     screen.blit(textImage, (100,100)) 
     # Just draw the button here 
     self.button_01.draw() 

私はまた何かが、フォントの初期化と間違っていたので、（輸入以下）プログラムの先頭にpygame.init()コールを移動しなければなりませんでした。