Python3 tk、キャンバス領域のツールチップ

Question

キャンバス領域にボックスで囲まれた部分にツールチップを表示させる方法を理解しようとしています。理想的には、ユーザーがポイントを超えて誤差の範囲内に10ピクセルの範囲内にある場合、ツールチップが表示されます。

import tkinter as tk; 
from idlelib.ToolTip import ToolTip; 

windowWidth = 960; 
windowHeight = 720; 
canvasWidth = windowWidth - 10; 
canvasHeight = windowHeight - 10; 

''' Main Window ''' 
root = tk.Tk(); 
root.resizable(width=False, height=False); 
root.geometry('{}x{}'.format(windowWidth, windowHeight)); 
root.title('Sample'); 

''' Canvas ''' 
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, 
       width = canvasWidth, 
       height = canvasHeight, 
       bg = 'grey'); 
canvas.pack(side = tk.RIGHT, padx = 5); 

xo = canvasWidth/2 
yo = canvasHeight/2; 
point = canvas.create_rectangle(xo - 1, yo - 1, xo + 1, yo + 1, 
           fill = 'magenta', 
           outline = 'magenta'); 
#ToolTip(point, 'origin'); 
root.mainloop(0); 

Answer 1

私が知る限り、tkでこれを行う方法はありません。私はPmwのインポートとバルーンの使用を終了しました。

Answer 2

実際には、キャンバスに描画するもののタグを作成するクラスのテストを終了しました。タグまたはIDでアドレス指定できるようにしてください。

import tkinter as tk 
import tkinter.ttk as ttk 


class CanvasTooltip: 
    ''' 
    It creates a tooltip for a given canvas tag or id as the mouse is 
    above it. 

    This class has been derived from the original Tooltip class I updated 
    and posted back to StackOverflow at the following link: 

    https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3221956/ 
      what-is-the-simplest-way-to-make-tooltips-in-tkinter/ 
      41079350#41079350 

    Alberto Vassena on 2016.12.10. 
    ''' 

    def __init__(self, canvas, tag_or_id, 
       *, 
       bg='#FFFFEA', 
       pad=(5, 3, 5, 3), 
       text='canvas info', 
       waittime=400, 
       wraplength=250): 
     self.waittime = waittime # in miliseconds, originally 500 
     self.wraplength = wraplength # in pixels, originally 180 
     self.canvas = canvas 
     self.text = text 
     self.canvas.tag_bind(tag_or_id, "<Enter>", self.onEnter) 
     self.canvas.tag_bind(tag_or_id, "<Leave>", self.onLeave) 
     self.canvas.tag_bind(tag_or_id, "<ButtonPress>", self.onLeave) 
     self.bg = bg 
     self.pad = pad 
     self.id = None 
     self.tw = None 

    def onEnter(self, event=None): 
     self.schedule() 

    def onLeave(self, event=None): 
     self.unschedule() 
     self.hide() 

    def schedule(self): 
     self.unschedule() 
     self.id = self.canvas.after(self.waittime, self.show) 

    def unschedule(self): 
     id_ = self.id 
     self.id = None 
     if id_: 
      self.canvas.after_cancel(id_) 

    def show(self, event=None): 
     def tip_pos_calculator(canvas, label, 
           *, 
           tip_delta=(10, 5), pad=(5, 3, 5, 3)): 

      c = canvas 

      s_width, s_height = c.winfo_screenwidth(), c.winfo_screenheight() 

      width, height = (pad[0] + label.winfo_reqwidth() + pad[2], 
          pad[1] + label.winfo_reqheight() + pad[3]) 

      mouse_x, mouse_y = c.winfo_pointerxy() 

      x1, y1 = mouse_x + tip_delta[0], mouse_y + tip_delta[1] 
      x2, y2 = x1 + width, y1 + height 

      x_delta = x2 - s_width 
      if x_delta < 0: 
       x_delta = 0 
      y_delta = y2 - s_height 
      if y_delta < 0: 
       y_delta = 0 

      offscreen = (x_delta, y_delta) != (0, 0) 

      if offscreen: 

       if x_delta: 
        x1 = mouse_x - tip_delta[0] - width 

       if y_delta: 
        y1 = mouse_y - tip_delta[1] - height 

      offscreen_again = y1 < 0 # out on the top 

      if offscreen_again: 
       # No further checks will be done. 

       # TIP: 
       # A further mod might automagically augment the 
       # wraplength when the tooltip is too high to be 
       # kept inside the screen. 
       y1 = 0 

      return x1, y1 

     bg = self.bg 
     pad = self.pad 
     canvas = self.canvas 

     # creates a toplevel window 
     self.tw = tk.Toplevel(canvas.master) 

     # Leaves only the label and removes the app window 
     self.tw.wm_overrideredirect(True) 

     win = tk.Frame(self.tw, 
         background=bg, 
         borderwidth=0) 
     label = ttk.Label(win, 
          text=self.text, 
          justify=tk.LEFT, 
          background=bg, 
          relief=tk.SOLID, 
          borderwidth=0, 
          wraplength=self.wraplength) 

     label.grid(padx=(pad[0], pad[2]), 
        pady=(pad[1], pad[3]), 
        sticky=tk.NSEW) 
     win.grid() 

     x, y = tip_pos_calculator(canvas, label) 

     self.tw.wm_geometry("+%d+%d" % (x, y)) 

    def hide(self): 
     if self.tw: 
      self.tw.destroy() 
     self.tw = None 


if __name__ == '__main__': 

    import random 

    def further_text(): 
     info_text = ('\n\nGo over any rectangle with your mouse pointer to see it ' 
        'changing to yellow and stay on it long enough (less than ' 
        'a second) to let it show its own customized ' 
        'CanvasTooltip instance.\n\n' 

        'Click once using the mouse left button over a rectangle ' 
        'to start dragging it to the desired new position and ' 
        'release the left button when you are done.\n\n' 

        'Double click inside the canvas using the mouse left ' 
        'button to redraw a new set of rectangles.\n\n' 
        'HtH. ;) Alberto Vassena') 

     # texts generated at http://lorem-ipsum.perbang.dk/ 
     short_text = ('Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, mauris tellus, ' 
         'porttitor torquent eu. Magna aliquet lorem, ' 
         'cursus sit ac, in in. Dolor aliquet, cum integer. ' 
         'Proin aliquet, porttitor pulvinar mauris. Tellus ' 
         'lectus, amet cras, neque lacus quis. Malesuada ' 
         'nibh. Eleifend nam, in eget a. Nec turpis, erat ' 
         'wisi semper') 
     medium_text = ('Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, suspendisse aenean ' 
         'ipsum sollicitudin, pellentesque nunc ultrices ac ' 
         'ut, arcu elit turpis senectus convallis. Ac orci ' 
         'pretium sed gravida, tortor nulla felis ' 
         'consectetuer, mauris egestas est erat. Ut enim ' 
         'tellus at diam, ac sagittis vel proin. Massa ' 
         'eleifend orci tortor sociis, scelerisque in pede ' 
         'metus phasellus, est tempor gravida nam, ante ' 
         'fusce sem tempor. Mi diam auctor vel pede, mus ' 
         'non mi luctus luctus, lectus sit varius repellat ' 
         'eu') 
     long_text = ('Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, velit eu nam cursus ' 
        'quisque gravida sollicitudin, felis arcu interdum ' 
        'error quam quis massa, et velit libero ligula est ' 
        'donec. Suspendisse fringilla urna ridiculus dui ' 
        'volutpat justo, quisque nisl eget sed blandit ' 
        'egestas, libero nullam magna sem dui nam, auctor ' 
        'vehicula nunc arcu vel sed dictum, tincidunt vitae ' 
        'id tristique aptent platea. Lacus eros nec proin ' 
        'morbi sollicitudin integer, montes suspendisse ' 
        'augue lorem iaculis sed, viverra sed interdum eget ' 
        'ut at pulvinar, turpis vivamus ac pharetra nulla ' 
        'maecenas ut. Consequat dui condimentum lectus nulla ' 
        'vitae, nam consequat fusce ac facilisis eget orci, ' 
        'cras enim donec aenean sed dolor aliquam, elit ' 
        'lorem in a nec fringilla, malesuada curabitur diam ' 
        'nonummy nisl nibh ipsum. In odio nunc nec porttitor ' 
        'ipsum, nunc ridiculus platea wisi turpis praesent ' 
        'vestibulum, suspendisse hendrerit amet quis vivamus ' 
        'adipiscing elit, ut dolor nec nonummy mauris nec ' 
        'libero, ad rutrum id tristique facilisis sed ' 
        'ultrices. Convallis velit posuere mauris lectus sit ' 
        'turpis, lobortis volutpat et placerat leo ' 
        'malesuada, vulputate id maecenas at a volutpat ' 
        'vulputate, est augue nec proin ipsum pellentesque ' 
        'fringilla. Mattis feugiat metus ultricies repellat ' 
        'dictum, suspendisse erat rhoncus ultricies in ipsum, ' 
        'nulla ante pellentesque blandit ligula sagittis ' 
        'ultricies, sed tortor sodales pede et duis platea') 

     text = random.choice([short_text, medium_text, long_text, 
           info_text, info_text, info_text]) 

     return 'Further info: ' + text 


    class MyCanvas(tk.Canvas): 

     def clear(self): 
      self.delete('rectangle') 

     def draw(self): 
      width, height = int(self['width']), int(self['height']) 

      colors = ('blue', 'green', 'red', 
         'brown', 'cyan', 'magenta', 
         'violet', 'black', 'white') 

      self.tooltips = [] 

      mask = '{} rectangle #{}.\n' 
      for i in range(20): 
       x, y = random.randint(0, width - 1), random.randint(0, height - 1) 
       w, h = random.randint(5, 100), random.randint(5, 100) 
       tag = 'R{}'.format(i) 
       color = random.choice(colors) 
       text = mask.format(color.capitalize(), tag[1:]) + further_text() 

       id_ = self.create_rectangle(x, y, x + w, y + h, 
              fill=color, 
              activefill='yellow', 
              tags=('rectangle', tag)) 

       tooltip = CanvasTooltip(self, id_, text=text) 

       self.tooltips.append(tooltip) 

     def redraw(self, event): 
      self.clear() 
      self.draw() 

     def onClick(self, event): 
      coords = self.canvasx(event.x, 1), self.canvasy(event.y, 1) 
      found = self.find_closest(*coords)[0] 

      if found: 
       self.target = found 
       self.drag_x, self.drag_y = coords 
       self.tag_raise(found) 

      else: 
       self.target, self.drag_x, self.drag_y = None, None, None 

     def onDrag(self, event): 
      if self.target is None: 
       return 

      coords = self.canvasx(event.x, 1), self.canvasy(event.y, 1) 

      self.move(self.target, 
         coords[0] - self.drag_x, 
         coords[1] - self.drag_y) 

      self.drag_x, self.drag_y = coords 

     def onRelease(self, event): 
      self.target, self.drag_x, self.drag_y = None, None, None 


    def main(): 
     root = tk.Tk() 
     frame = ttk.Frame(root) 

     c = frame.canvas = MyCanvas(frame.master, width=800, height=600) 
     c.draw() 
     c.bind('<Double-Button-1>', c.redraw) 
     c.tag_bind('rectangle', '<Button-1>', c.onClick) 
     c.tag_bind('rectangle', '<B1-Motion>', c.onDrag) 
     c.tag_bind('rectangle', '<ButtonRelease-1>', c.onRelease) 
     c.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=(0, 0), pady=(0, 0)) 

     frame.grid() 
     root.mainloop() 


    main() 

HTH。 In this post, in my answerの代わりに、ボタン、ラベル、チェックボックスなどの他のウィジェットに適用できる同じソリューション（マイナーな変更あり）があります。