原点位置Oは、frustrun centerに近いはずです。それが一定であれば、面の端から外に出て、全体（半分）の画面が覆われないようにします。カメラ位置を使用して0.5*(zfar+znear)*camera_z_axisを追加することができます。動きの錯覚を維持するには、Oをstepのサイズに合わせる必要があります。このためにfloor、roundまたは整数型を利用できます。
た平面コードは次のようになります。
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vcl.h> // you can ignore these lines
#include <math.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "win_main.h"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm" // up to here.
TMain *Main; // this is pointer to my VCL window (you do not need it)
//--- Here starts the important stuff: --------------------------------------
// perspective
double znear= 100.0; // focal length for perspective
double zfar = 2100.0; // visibility
// view
double xs2=0.0; // screen half resolution
double ys2=0.0;
// camera
double yaw=0.0; // euler yaw angle [rad]
double camera[16]; // camera direct transform matrix
double icamera[16]; // camera inverse transform matrix
// keyboard bools
bool _forw=false,_back=false,_right=false,_left=false;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void matrix_inv(double *a,double *b) // a[16] = Inverse(b[16])
{
double x,y,z;
// transpose of rotation matrix
a[ 0]=b[ 0];
a[ 5]=b[ 5];
a[10]=b[10];
x=b[1]; a[1]=b[4]; a[4]=x;
x=b[2]; a[2]=b[8]; a[8]=x;
x=b[6]; a[6]=b[9]; a[9]=x;
// copy projection part
a[ 3]=b[ 3];
a[ 7]=b[ 7];
a[11]=b[11];
a[15]=b[15];
// convert origin: new_pos = - new_rotation_matrix * old_pos
x=(a[ 0]*b[12])+(a[ 4]*b[13])+(a[ 8]*b[14]);
y=(a[ 1]*b[12])+(a[ 5]*b[13])+(a[ 9]*b[14]);
z=(a[ 2]*b[12])+(a[ 6]*b[13])+(a[10]*b[14]);
a[12]=-x;
a[13]=-y;
a[14]=-z;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void matrix_mul_vector(double *c,double *a,double *b) // c[3] = a[16]*b[3]
{
double q[3];
q[0]=(a[ 0]*b[0])+(a[ 4]*b[1])+(a[ 8]*b[2])+(a[12]);
q[1]=(a[ 1]*b[0])+(a[ 5]*b[1])+(a[ 9]*b[2])+(a[13]);
q[2]=(a[ 2]*b[0])+(a[ 6]*b[1])+(a[10]*b[2])+(a[14]);
for(int i=0;i<3;i++) c[i]=q[i];
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void compute_matrices() // recompute camera,icamera after camera position or yaw change
{
// bound angle
while (yaw>2.0*M_PI) yaw-=2.0*M_PI;
while (yaw<0.0 ) yaw+=2.0*M_PI;
// X = right
camera[ 0]= cos(yaw);
camera[ 1]= 0.0 ;
camera[ 2]= sin(yaw);
// Y = up
camera[ 4]= 0.0 ;
camera[ 5]= 1.0 ;
camera[ 6]= 0.0 ;
// Z = forward
camera[ 8]=-sin(yaw);
camera[ 9]= 0.0 ;
camera[10]= cos(yaw);
// no projection
camera[ 3]= 0.0 ;
camera[ 7]= 0.0 ;
camera[11]= 0.0 ;
camera[15]= 1.0 ;
// compute the inverse matrix
matrix_inv(icamera,camera);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void perspective(double *P) // apply perspective transform
{
// perspectve division
P[0]*=znear/P[2];
P[1]*=znear/P[2];
// screen coordinate system
P[0]=xs2+P[0]; // move (0,0) to screen center
P[1]=ys2-P[1]; // axises: x=right, y=up
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void draw_line(TCanvas *can,double *pA,double *pB) // draw 3D line
{
int i;
double D[3],A[3],B[3],t;
// transform to camera coordinate system
matrix_mul_vector(A,icamera,pA);
matrix_mul_vector(B,icamera,pB);
// sort points so A.z<B.z
if (A[2]>B[2]) for (i=0;i<3;i++) { D[i]=A[i]; A[i]=B[i]; B[i]=D[i]; }
// D = B-A
for (i=0;i<3;i++) D[i]=B[i]-A[i];
// ignore out of Z view lines
if (A[2]>zfar) return;
if (B[2]<znear) return;
// cut line to view if needed
if (A[2]<znear)
{
t=(znear-A[2])/D[2];
A[0]+=D[0]*t;
A[1]+=D[1]*t;
A[2]=znear;
}
if (B[2]>zfar)
{
t=(zfar-B[2])/D[2];
B[0]+=D[0]*t;
B[1]+=D[1]*t;
B[2]=zfar;
}
// apply perspective
perspective(A);
perspective(B);
// render
can->MoveTo(A[0],A[1]);
can->LineTo(B[0],B[1]);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void draw_plane_xz(TCanvas *can,double y,double step) // draw 3D plane
{
int i;
double A[3],B[3],t,size;
double U[3]={1.0,0.0,0.0}; // U = X
double V[3]={0.0,0.0,1.0}; // V = Z
double O[3]={0.0,0.0,0.0}; // Origin
// compute origin near view center but align to step
i=0; O[i]=floor(camera[12+i]/step)*step;
i=2; O[i]=floor(camera[12+i]/step)*step;
O[1]=y;
// set size so plane safely covers whole view
t=xs2*zfar/znear; size=t; // x that will convert to xs2 at zfar
t=0.5*(zfar+znear); if (size<t) size=t; // half of depth range
t+=step; // + one grid cell beacuse O is off up to 1 grid cell
t*=sqrt(2); // diagonal so no matter how are we rotate in Yaw
// U lines
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]=O[i]+(size*U[i])-((step+size)*V[i]);
B[i]=O[i]-(size*U[i])-((step+size)*V[i]);
}
for (t=-size;t<=size;t+=step)
{
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]+=step*V[i];
B[i]+=step*V[i];
}
draw_line(can,A,B);
}
// V lines
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]=O[i]-((step+size)*U[i])+(size*V[i]);
B[i]=O[i]-((step+size)*U[i])-(size*V[i]);
}
for (t=-size;t<=size;t+=step)
{
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]+=step*U[i];
B[i]+=step*U[i];
}
draw_line(can,A,B);
}
matrix_mul_vector(A,icamera,A);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void TMain::draw() // this is my main rendering routine
{
// clear buffer
bmp->Canvas->Brush->Color=clWhite;
bmp->Canvas->FillRect(TRect(0,0,xs,ys));
// init/update variables
double step= 50.0; // plane grid size
::xs2=Main->xs2; // update actual screen half resolution
::ys2=Main->ys2;
// sky
bmp->Canvas->Pen->Color=clBlue;
draw_plane_xz(bmp->Canvas,+200.0,step);
// terrain
bmp->Canvas->Pen->Color=clGreen;
draw_plane_xz(bmp->Canvas,-200.0,step);
// render backbuffer
Main->Canvas->Draw(0,0,bmp);
_redraw=false;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TMain::TMain(TComponent* Owner) : TForm(Owner) // this is initialization
{
bmp=new Graphics::TBitmap;
bmp->HandleType=bmDIB;
bmp->PixelFormat=pf32bit;
pyx=NULL;
_redraw=true;
// camera start position
camera[12]=0.0;
camera[13]=0.0;
camera[14]=0.0;
compute_matrices();
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::FormDestroy(TObject *Sender) // this is exit
{
if (pyx) delete[] pyx;
delete bmp;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::FormResize(TObject *Sender) // this is called on resize
{
xs=ClientWidth; xs2=xs>>1;
ys=ClientHeight; ys2=ys>>1;
bmp->Width=xs;
bmp->Height=ys;
if (pyx) delete[] pyx;
pyx=new int*[ys];
for (int y=0;y<ys;y++) pyx[y]=(int*) bmp->ScanLine[y];
_redraw=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::FormPaint(TObject *Sender) // this is called on forced repaint
{
_redraw=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::tim_redrawTimer(TObject *Sender) // this is called periodically by my timer
{
double da=5.0*M_PI/180.0; // turn speed
double dl=15.0; // movement speed
bool _recompute=false;
if (_left) { _redraw=true; _recompute=true; yaw+=da; }
if (_right) { _redraw=true; _recompute=true; yaw-=da; }
if (_forw) { _redraw=true; _recompute=true; for (int i=0;i<3;i++) camera[12+i]+=dl*camera[8+i]; }
if (_back) { _redraw=true; _recompute=true; for (int i=0;i<3;i++) camera[12+i]-=dl*camera[8+i]; }
if (_recompute) compute_matrices();
if (_redraw) draw();
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::FormKeyDown(TObject *Sender, WORD &Key,TShiftState Shift) // this is called when key is pushed
{
//Caption=Key;
if (Key==104) _left=true;
if (Key==105) _right=true;
if (Key==100) _forw=true;
if (Key== 97) _back=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TMain::FormKeyUp(TObject *Sender, WORD &Key, TShiftState Shift) // this is called when key is released
{
if (Key==104) _left=false;
if (Key==105) _right=false;
if (Key==100) _forw=false;
if (Key== 97) _back=false;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
：私は小さなVCL/GDI /キャンバスアプリケーションで一緒にこのすべてを置けば今
void draw_plane_xz(TCanvas *can,double y,double step) // draw 3D plane
{
int i;
double A[3],B[3],t,size;
double U[3]={1.0,0.0,0.0}; // U = X
double V[3]={0.0,0.0,1.0}; // V = Z
double O[3]={0.0,0.0,0.0}; // Origin
// compute origin near view center but align to step
i=0; O[i]=floor(camera[12+i]/step)*step;
i=2; O[i]=floor(camera[12+i]/step)*step;
O[1]=y;
// set size so plane safely covers whole view
t=xs2*zfar/znear; size=t; // x that will convert to xs2 at zfar
t=0.5*(zfar+znear); if (size<t) size=t; // half of depth range
t+=step; // + one grid cell beacuse O is off up to 1 grid cell
t*=sqrt(2); // diagonal so no matter how are we rotate in Yaw
// U lines
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]=O[i]+(size*U[i])-((step+size)*V[i]);
B[i]=O[i]-(size*U[i])-((step+size)*V[i]);
}
for (t=-size;t<=size;t+=step)
{
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]+=step*V[i];
B[i]+=step*V[i];
}
draw_line(can,A,B);
}
// V lines
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]=O[i]-((step+size)*U[i])+(size*V[i]);
B[i]=O[i]-((step+size)*U[i])-(size*V[i]);
}
for (t=-size;t<=size;t+=step)
{
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
A[i]+=step*U[i];
B[i]+=step*U[i];
}
draw_line(can,A,B);
}
matrix_mul_vector(A,icamera,A);
}
homogenuous座標を使用してベクトルアプローチで回答を追加しました。 – Spektre