RSpecのをload_missing_constantは、XがYを定義するために期待（とそれはありません）

Question

：

...gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:503:in `load_missing_constant': Expected ...app/models/links/category.rb to define Links::Category (LoadError) 

ファイルをapp/models/links/Category.rb確かにLinks::Categoryを定義しません。でも、見知らぬ人には、ガードと先割れスプーン（我々がテストを実行する標準的な方法）の下で実行されているときにエラーが発生していないです。

bundle exec guard -i

は問題なく期待通りにテストスイートを実行します。

先割れスプーンは、RSpecの実行するように構成されたので、私はこれを引き起こす手動rake specを実行している理由について少し困惑しています。

私はautoload_pathsを見て、それがlibとlib/**含めしかし私たちは、私が見ることができるautoload_pathsとファンキー何もしていないされたか否かをチェックすることによって解決されるように見えた同様の問題を見てきました。

config.autoload_paths += %W(#{Rails.root}/app/srC#{config.root}/app/api #{Rails.root}/app/products) 

（私たちは、当社の開発マシン上で使用テストではなく、ガードを実行するために、当社のCIサーバでbundle exec rake specを使用している）：私たちのautoload_pathsは、この（application.rbで定義されている）のように見えます。

はcategory.rbの一番上に追加されたputs 'Hey'

をロードされますcategory.rbず、下部にputs 'Yo'、および出力inclduesにそれをスペックを実行しているとき：

DEPRECATION WARNING: ActiveAdmin::Dashboard is deprecated and will be removed in the next version 
Hey 
Yo 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:503:in `load_missing_constant': Expected /Users/shimms/Development/lexim/app/models/links/category.rb to define Links::Category (LoadError) 

アプリ/モデル/リンク/ link.rb：

class Links::Link < ActiveRecord::Base 
    self.table_name = 'links_category_links' 
    attr_accessible :description, :name, :url, :category_id 

    acts_as_paranoid 

    belongs_to :category, :class_name => 'Links::Category' 

    validates_presence_of :url 
    validates_presence_of :name 
end 

アプリ/モデル/リンク/ category.rb：

class Links::Category < ActiveRecord::Base 
    self.table_name = 'links_categories' 
    attr_accessible :description, :name, :space_id 

    acts_as_paranoid 

    extend FriendlyId 
    friendly_id :name, :use => :scoped, :scope => :space 

    belongs_to :space 
    belongs_to_space(:space) 
    has_many :links, :class_name => 'Links::Link' 

    validates_presence_of :name 
end 

spec_helper.rb

require File.expand_path('../../config/environment', __FILE__) 
require 'rubygems' 
require 'rails/all' 
require 'rspec/rails' 
require 'factory_girl' 

system "#{Rails.root.to_s}/db/test.db" 

ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'test' 

load_schema = lambda { 
    load "#{Rails.root.to_s}/db/schema.rb" # use db agnostic schema by default 
             # ActiveRecord::Migrator.up('db/migrate') # use migrations 
} 
silence_stream(STDOUT, &load_schema) 

Dir[Rails.root.join('spec/support/**/*.rb')].each { |f| require f } 

RSpec.configure do |config| 
    config.include FactoryGirl::Syntax::Methods 

    config.mock_with :rspec 
    config.fixture_path = "#{Rails.root}/spec/fixtures" 
    config.use_transactional_fixtures = true 

    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.clear 
end 

**エラー*が発生する最も簡単なcategory_spec.rb：

require 'spec_helper' 

describe Links::Category do 
    pending "add some examples to (or delete) #{__FILE__}" 
end 

レーキ実行：

➜ lexim git:(deveop) ✗ RAILS_ENV=test be rake spec --trace 
** Invoke spec (first_time) 
** Invoke db:test:prepare (first_time) 
** Invoke db:abort_if_pending_migrations (first_time) 
** Invoke environment (first_time) 
** Execute environment 
Agent is configured to send raw SQL to the service 
Agent is configured to send raw SQL to the service 
DEPRECATION WARNING: Passing :tag, :class and others to use is deprecated. Please invoke b.use :input, :wrap_with => {:class=>"span4"} instead. (called from block (2 levels) in <top (required)> at /Users/shimms/Development/lexim/config/initializers/simple_form.rb:47) 
** Invoke db:load_config (first_time) 
** Execute db:load_config 
** Execute db:abort_if_pending_migrations 
** Execute db:test:prepare 
** Invoke db:test:load (first_time) 
** Invoke db:test:purge (first_time) 
** Invoke environment 
** Invoke db:load_config 
** Execute db:test:purge 
** Execute db:test:load 
** Invoke db:test:load_schema (first_time) 
** Invoke db:test:purge 
** Execute db:test:load_schema 
** Invoke db:schema:load (first_time) 
** Invoke environment 
** Invoke db:load_config 
** Execute db:schema:load 
** Execute spec 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/bin/ruby -S rspec ./spec/product_features_spec.rb ./spec/controllers/lexim/logo_controller_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/enterprise_enquiry_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/new_account_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/user_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_boltons_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/address_spec.rb ./spec/models/admin/import_spec.rb ./spec/models/admin_user_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignment_materials_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignment_submission_rubric_selection_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignments/submission_files_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignments/submission_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_screenshot_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar/entry_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar/event_sharing_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar_spec.rb ./spec/models/cancellation_reason_spec.rb ./spec/models/charge_spec.rb ./spec/models/client_application_spec.rb ./spec/models/common_cartridge/export_spec.rb ./spec/models/credit_card_spec.rb ./spec/models/discussions/reply_spec.rb ./spec/models/discussions/tag_spec.rb ./spec/models/education_domain_name_spec.rb ./spec/models/email_address_validation_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook/column_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook/value_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook_column_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/importer/user_spec.rb ./spec/models/invitation_spec.rb ./spec/models/invoice_spec.rb ./spec/models/links/category_spec.rb ./spec/models/links/link_spec.rb ./spec/models/mailing_list_spec.rb ./spec/models/material_item_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/folder_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/page_details_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/page_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/youtube_details_spec.rb ./spec/models/mobile_phone_country_carrier_spec.rb ./spec/models/mobile_phone_country_spec.rb ./spec/models/net_promoter_score_spec.rb ./spec/models/network_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_channel_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_event_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_spec.rb ./spec/models/open_graph_object_authorization_spec.rb ./spec/models/plan_pool_spec.rb ./spec/models/plan_spec.rb ./spec/models/privacy_setting_spec.rb ./spec/models/product_bolton_spec.rb ./spec/models/product_spec.rb ./spec/models/quiz_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_option_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_answer_option_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_answer_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_spec.rb ./spec/models/referrer_campaign_spec.rb ./spec/models/registration_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubric_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/criterion_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/descriptor_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/level_spec.rb ./spec/models/sanitized_text_spec.rb ./spec/models/scheduled_mail_spec.rb ./spec/models/space_spec.rb ./spec/models/subscription_spec.rb ./spec/models/subscription_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/system_announcement_spec.rb ./spec/models/system_announcement_views_spec.rb ./spec/models/tip_spec.rb ./spec/models/tour_activity_spec.rb ./spec/models/unauthorized_access_spec.rb ./spec/models/unavailable_feature_request_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_activity_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_authentication_tokens_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_creation_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_notification_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_spec.rb ./spec/models/wall_post_likes_spec.rb ./spec/models/wallpost_spec.rb 
Agent is configured to send raw SQL to the service 
Agent is configured to send raw SQL to the service 
DEPRECATION WARNING: Passing :tag, :class and others to use is deprecated. Please invoke b.use :input, :wrap_with => {:class=>"span4"} instead. (called from block (2 levels) in <top (required)> at /Users/shimms/Development/lexim/config/initializers/simple_form.rb:47) 
DEPRECATION WARNING: ActiveAdmin::Dashboard is deprecated and will be removed in the next version 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:503:in `load_missing_constant': Expected /Users/shimms/Development/lexim/app/models/links/category.rb to define Links::Category (LoadError) 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:192:in `block in const_missing' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in `each' 
from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in `const_missing' 
    from /Users/shimms/Development/lexim/spec/models/links/category_spec.rb:4:in `<top (required)>' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `load' 
from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `block in load' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/activesupport-3.2.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `load' 
from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `block in load_spec_files' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `map' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `load_spec_files' 
from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:69:in `run' 
    from /Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `block in autorun' 
rake aborted! 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/bin/ruby -S rspec ./spec/product_features_spec.rb ./spec/controllers/lexim/logo_controller_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/enterprise_enquiry_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/new_account_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/mailers/user_mailer_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_boltons_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_spec.rb ./spec/models/account_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/address_spec.rb ./spec/models/admin/import_spec.rb ./spec/models/admin_user_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignment_materials_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignment_submission_rubric_selection_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignments/submission_files_spec.rb ./spec/models/assignments/submission_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_screenshot_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_spec.rb ./spec/models/bolton_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar/entry_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar/event_sharing_spec.rb ./spec/models/calendar_spec.rb ./spec/models/cancellation_reason_spec.rb ./spec/models/charge_spec.rb ./spec/models/client_application_spec.rb ./spec/models/common_cartridge/export_spec.rb ./spec/models/credit_card_spec.rb ./spec/models/discussions/reply_spec.rb ./spec/models/discussions/tag_spec.rb ./spec/models/education_domain_name_spec.rb ./spec/models/email_address_validation_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook/column_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook/value_spec.rb ./spec/models/gradebook_column_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/importer/user_spec.rb ./spec/models/invitation_spec.rb ./spec/models/invoice_spec.rb ./spec/models/links/category_spec.rb ./spec/models/links/link_spec.rb ./spec/models/mailing_list_spec.rb ./spec/models/material_item_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/folder_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/page_details_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/page_spec.rb ./spec/models/materials/youtube_details_spec.rb ./spec/models/mobile_phone_country_carrier_spec.rb ./spec/models/mobile_phone_country_spec.rb ./spec/models/net_promoter_score_spec.rb ./spec/models/network_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_channel_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_event_spec.rb ./spec/models/notification_spec.rb ./spec/models/open_graph_object_authorization_spec.rb ./spec/models/plan_pool_spec.rb ./spec/models/plan_spec.rb ./spec/models/privacy_setting_spec.rb ./spec/models/product_bolton_spec.rb ./spec/models/product_spec.rb ./spec/models/quiz_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_option_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/question_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_answer_option_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_answer_spec.rb ./spec/models/quizzes/submission_spec.rb ./spec/models/referrer_campaign_spec.rb ./spec/models/registration_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubric_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/criterion_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/descriptor_spec.rb ./spec/models/rubrics/level_spec.rb ./spec/models/sanitized_text_spec.rb ./spec/models/scheduled_mail_spec.rb ./spec/models/space_spec.rb ./spec/models/subscription_spec.rb ./spec/models/subscription_status_spec.rb ./spec/models/system_announcement_spec.rb ./spec/models/system_announcement_views_spec.rb ./spec/models/tip_spec.rb ./spec/models/tour_activity_spec.rb ./spec/models/unauthorized_access_spec.rb ./spec/models/unavailable_feature_request_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_activity_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_authentication_tokens_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_creation_type_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_notification_spec.rb ./spec/models/user_spec.rb ./spec/models/wall_post_likes_spec.rb ./spec/models/wallpost_spec.rb failed 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb:137:in `block (2 levels) in initialize' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/file_utils_ext.rb:60:in `verbose' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb:127:in `block in initialize' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `call' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `block in execute' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `each' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `execute' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in `invoke' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in `invoke_task' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `each' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in top_level' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in `top_level' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in `block in run' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in `run' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
/Users/shimms/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125@lexim/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
Tasks: TOP => spec 

Answer 1

あなたの仕様にリンク::カテゴリを書くと、RailsはおそらくLinksモジュールとLinks::Categoryクラスを自動的にロードします。あなたが適切Linksモジュールを定義していない場合

どうやらこの奇妙なエラーが発生する可能性があります。我々はこれをデバッグする方法の詳細については上記のコメントを参照してください。