4
import java.util.*;
// Let's define a self-referential type:
class SelfReferential<T extends SelfReferential<T>> {}
//A complete (i.e. not parameterized) subtype of SelfReferential:
class SubclassA extends SelfReferential<SubclassA> {}
//A partial (i.e. parameterized) subtype of SelfReferential:
class SubclassB<T extends SubclassB<T>> extends SelfReferential<T> {}
//Two complete subtypes of SubclassB
class SubclassB1 extends SubclassB<SubclassB1> {}
class SubclassB2 extends SubclassB<SubclassB2> {}
//Now let's define a generic type over SelfReferential:
class Generic<T extends SelfReferential<T>> {}
//No problem creating a subtype for A, B1 or B2
class GenericA extends Generic<SubclassA> {}
class GenericB1 extends Generic<SubclassB1> {}
class GenericB2 extends Generic<SubclassB2> {}
//We can also defined a parameterize type for specific types extending SubclassB
class GenericB<T extends SubclassB<T>> extends Generic<T> {}
//However, it does not seem possible to define a non-parameterized subtype of Generic of ANY subtype of SublassB
//My goal is to provide a type alias for GenericB<? extends SubclassB<?>> to avoid
//having to mention it everywhere in the code. This is like providing an alias for ArrayList<String> using
class ArrayListOfString extends ArrayList<String> {}
//Unsucessful attempts:
//class GenericAnyB extends Generic<SubclassB> {} //ERROR: bound mismatch
//class GenericAnyB extends Generic<SubclassB<?>> {} //ERROR: bound mismatch
//class GenericAnyB extends Generic<? extends SubclassB<?>> {} //ERROR: invalid syntax: a supertype cannot specify any wildcard
//class GenericAnyB extends Generic<SubclassB<? extends SubclassB>> {} //ERROR: bound mismatch
//class GenericAnyB extends Generic<SubclassB<SubclassB<SubclassB<SubclassB<SubclassB<SubclassB>>>>>> {} // well...
//class GenericAnyB extends <T extends SubclassB<T>> Generic<T> {} //ERROR: this syntax is illegal
要点、extend節に「参照サイクル」を指定することはできません。ジェネリック型の自己参照型のJavaサブクラス化問題
質問:これはJava言語の制限ですか?