Microsoft SQL Serverには、現在行っている作業よりも両方向にNULL値を入力する方が良い方法はありますか？

Question

私は、Microsoft SQL Serverの上方向にNULLを埋める方法を理解しようとしています。これはOracleでは非常にシンプルですが、上司はそれには向かなかったのです。 Google検索の6時間後、私はついに投稿することに決めました。結果セットで

....

値は、すべての可能な日付時刻とのタイムスタンプのデータです。

VALUE2は、私たちの下限埋め込みメソッドです。

VALUE3は、NULLを上向きに入力する方法です。

この虚偽の不快な表があるとします。

-- Test Data & Table 
DECLARE @TEST001 TABLE 
(TIME_STAMP datetime, 
    TagA integer, 
    TagB integer, 
    TagC integer) 
-- Insert test Values  
INSERT INTO @TEST001 
VALUES 
    ('2017-01-21 00:01:00.042', NULL, NULL, 87), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:04:10.155', NULL, 1239, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:04:10.959', NULL, NULL, 86), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:06:49.401', NULL, 1240, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:06:59.301', NULL, 1239, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:07:10.124', 108, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:12:11.789', 109, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:16:12.190', 108, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:16:13.987', 107, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:31.410', NULL, 1260, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:32.511', NULL, 1261, 87), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:32.966', NULL, 1262, NULL) 

この偽装されたテーブルのTagAを照会するこのQueryを指定します。

-- Start of Query used in VBS ADODB CONN. 
declare @s datetime 
declare @e datetime 
set @s = '2017-01-21 00:00:00' 
set @e = '2017-01-21 23:59:59' 
; 
-- We need to get all intervals between our two dates. 
WITH ALL_INTERVALS AS (
    SELECT TOP (datediff(mi,@s,@e)) 
    TIMES = dateadd(mi,CONVERT(INT, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY s1.[object_id])),@s) 
     FROM sys.all_objects AS s1 
     CROSS JOIN 
     sys.all_objects AS s2 
), 
-- We need to include both our real data and all possible intervals. 
ALL_TIMES AS (
SELECT 
    Time_Stamp as TIMES, 
    TagA AS VALUE 
FROM @TEST001 H 
WHERE Time_Stamp BETWEEN @s and @e 
UNION ALL 
SELECT 
    TIMES AS TIMES, 
    NULL AS VALUE 
    FROM ALL_INTERVALS 
), 
-- We need to find the real first value and fill all nulls with this value until we hit a new value. 
FILL_DOWN AS (SELECT 
      TIMES, 
      VALUE, 
      ISNULL(VALUE, (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE FROM ALL_TIMES WHERE TIMES < AT.TIMES AND VALUE IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES DESC)) AS VALUE2 
      FROM ALL_TIMES AT 
), 
-- Our fill up method does not work if our first set of values is null. UGH, this does not work either....crap. It fills our first set 
-- With our last real value.... 
FILL_UP AS ( 
     SELECT 
      TIMES, 
      VALUE, 
      VALUE2, 
      ISNULL(VALUE2, (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE2 FROM FILL_DOWN WHERE TIMES > FD.TIMES AND VALUE2 IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES DESC)) AS VALUE3 
      FROM FILL_DOWN FD 
) 
SELECT * 
FROM FILL_UP 
ORDER BY TIMES ASC 

結果

TIMES     VALUE VALUE2 VALUE3 
2017-01-2100:01:00.000 NULL NULL 107 <---------- This should be 108 from our fake crappy table. 
2017-01-2100:01:00.043 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:02:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:03:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:04:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:04:10.157 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:04:10.960 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:05:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:06:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:06:49.400 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:06:59.300 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:07:00.000 NULL NULL 107 
2017-01-2100:07:10.123 108  108  108 
2017-01-2100:08:00.000 NULL 108  108 
2017-01-2100:09:00.000 NULL 108  108 
2017-01-2100:10:00.000 NULL 108  108 
2017-01-2100:11:00.000 NULL 108  108 
2017-01-2100:12:00.000 NULL 108  108 
2017-01-2100:12:11.790 109  109  109 
2017-01-2100:13:00.000 NULL 109  109 
2017-01-2100:14:00.000 NULL 109  109 
2017-01-2100:15:00.000 NULL 109  109 
2017-01-2100:16:00.000 NULL 109  109 
2017-01-2100:16:12.190 108  108  108 
2017-01-2100:16:13.987 107  107  107 
2017-01-2100:17:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:17:31.410 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:17:32.510 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:17:32.967 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:18:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:19:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:20:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:21:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:22:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:23:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:24:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:25:00.000 NULL 107  107 
2017-01-2100:26:00.000 NULL 107  107 

EDIT：

今日は非常に大きなデータセットで遊んと、これが最速のものであることが判明。それはちょうどちょうど私がほしいと思うものを正確にする。この小さなテーブルでは速度の違いを見ることはできませんが、大きなデータセットでは1秒と24分が大変です！すべてを助けてくれてありがとう、最高の願い！

-- Test Data & Table 
DECLARE @TEST001 TABLE 
(TIME_STAMP datetime, 
    TagA integer, 
    TagB integer, 
    TagC integer) 
-- Insert test Values  
INSERT INTO @TEST001 
VALUES 
    ('2017-01-21 00:01:00.042', NULL, NULL, 87), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:04:10.155', NULL, 1239, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:04:10.959', NULL, NULL, 86), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:06:49.401', NULL, 1240, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:06:59.301', NULL, 1239, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:07:10.124', 108, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:12:11.789', 109, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:16:12.190', 108, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:16:13.987', 107, NULL, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:31.410', NULL, 1260, NULL), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:32.511', NULL, 1261, 87), 
    ('2017-01-21 00:17:32.966', NULL, 1262, NULL) 
-- Start of Query used in VBS ADODB CONNN 
declare @s datetime 
declare @e datetime 
set @s = '2017-01-01 00:00:00' 
set @e = '2017-01-31 23:59:59' 
; 
WITH ALL_INTERVALS 
AS (SELECT TOP (datediff(mi,@s,@e)) 
    TIMES = dateadd(mi,CONVERT(INT, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY s1.[object_id])),@s), 
    NULL AS VALUE 
     FROM sys.all_objects AS s1 
     CROSS JOIN 
     sys.all_objects AS s2 
), 
ALL_TIMES 
AS (SELECT 
    H.TIME_STAMP as TIMES, 
    TagA AS VALUE 
    FROM @TEST001 H 
    WHERE TIME_STAMP BETWEEN @s and @e 
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT 
     AI.TIMES AS TIMES, 
     AI.VALUE AS VALUE 
     FROM ALL_INTERVALS AI 
), 
-- JUST INCASE OUR REAL TIME == INTERVAL TIME exactly. 
FILL_ACCROSS AS(SELECT TIMES AS TIMES, 
       ISNULL(AT.VALUE, (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE FROM ALL_TIMES WHERE TIMES = AT.TIMES AND VALUE IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES ASC)) AS VALUE 
       FROM ALL_TIMES AT 

), 
-- FILL UP AND FILL DOWN. 
FILL_UP_DOWN AS (SELECT 
       TIMES, 
       VALUE, 
       ISNULL(FA.VALUE, (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE FROM ALL_TIMES WHERE TIMES > FA.TIMES AND VALUE IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES ASC)) AS VALUE2, 
       ISNULL(FA.VALUE, (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE FROM ALL_TIMES WHERE TIMES < FA.TIMES AND VALUE IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES DESC)) AS VALUE3 
       FROM FILL_ACCROSS FA 
) 
--Just a nice display of what is going on. 
select FD.TIMES, 
     FD.VALUE, 
     FD.VALUE2, 
     FD.VALUE3, 
     CASE 
      WHEN FD.VALUE3 IS NULL THEN (FD.VALUE2) 
      ELSE (FD.VALUE3) 
      END AS VALUE4 
    FROM FILL_UP_DOWN FD order by TIMES ASC 

Answer 1

あなたは、代替を探しているなら、私は本当にあなたが何をしたいのか理解していない

-- Start of Query used in VBS ADODB CONN. 
declare @s datetime 
declare @e datetime 
set @s = '2017-01-21 00:00:00.001' 
set @e = '2017-01-21 23:59:59' 
; 
--select datepart(millisecond,@s); 
-- We need to get all intervals between our two dates. 
WITH ALL_INTERVALS AS (
    SELECT TOP (datediff(mi,@s,@e)) 
    TIMES = dateadd(mi,CONVERT(INT, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY s1.[object_id])),@s) 
     FROM sys.all_objects AS s1 
     CROSS JOIN 
     sys.all_objects AS s2 
), 
-- We need to include both our real data and all possible intervals. 
ALL_TIMES AS (
SELECT 
    Time_Stamp as TIMES, 
    TagA AS VALUE 
FROM @TEST001 H 
WHERE Time_Stamp BETWEEN @s and @e 
UNION ALL 
SELECT 
    TIMES AS TIMES, 
    NULL AS VALUE 
    FROM ALL_INTERVALS 
), 
g1 AS ( 
    SELECT 
     TIMES, 
     VALUE, 
     diff = case 
       when value=lag(value,1) over(order by TIMES) 
        or coalesce (value, lag(value,1) over(order by TIMES)) is null 
       then 0 else 1 end 
    FROM ALL_TIMES AT 
), 
g2 as ( 
    select TIMES, VALUE 
     , grp = sum(diff) over(order by TIMES) 
     , direction = case sum(diff) over(order by TIMES) when 0 then 1 else -1 end 
    from g1 
) 
select 
    TIMES, 
    VALUE, 
    grp, 
    ISNULL(VALUE, 
      (SELECT TOP 1 VALUE FROM g2 repl WHERE grp = g2.grp + g2.direction AND VALUE IS NOT NULL ORDER BY TIMES) 
      ) AS VALUE3 
from g2;