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Amazon Alexaの年金計算スキルを開発するためにnodejs 'alexa-sdk'を使用しています。私が持っている問題は、ある状態から別の状態に切り替えるときにセッション属性を保持しないということです。私はAmazon Alexaセッションの属性が維持されない
this.attributes['ATTRIBUTE_NAME'] = 'some_value';
のようにそれらを格納しています。しかし、私は答え（Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.ANSWER[...]）を得ポイントに到達したとき、すべての属性は、「未定義」されています。誰も私がセッション属性を格納したり渡したりすることで間違っていることをアドバイスできますか？
var Alexa = require('alexa-sdk');
var moment = require('moment'); // deals with dates and date formatting, for instance converts AMAZON.DATE to timestamp
// import pension calculator
var calculator = require('./pensionCalculator');
var GENDERCUTOFFDATE = new Date(1953, 12, 6);
// States are required for conversational skills.
// States assume a context. e.g. _DOB expects date of birth; providing a gender in this state would confuse Alexa.
// UX design principle have to be as unambiguous as possible in language (e.g. "are you male or female" vs "what gender are you?")
var states = {
START: '_STARTMODE', // Prompt the user to start or restart
DOB: '_DOB',
GENDER: '_GENDER',
ANSWER: '_ANSWER'
};
// Outbound messages spoken back to end user.
// alexa-nodejs-sdk wraps all strings in the advanced SSML speech markup (<speak>STRING HERE</speak>) that allows phonetic overrides etc.
var snippets = {
WELCOME: "<s>Welcome to the D W P Pension Age calculator.</s> " +
"<s>You can ask to calculate your pension age or for the U K pension eligibility criteria?</s>",
WELCOME_REPROMPT: "You can say, " +
"Calculate my pension age or, say what are the eligibility criteria in the U K.",
GENDER: "Thank you. Are you female or male?",
GENDER_REPROMPT: "In order to calculate your pension age, please tell me: Are you male or female?",
GENDER_INVALID: "Sorry I couldn't understand your gender, can you please tell me if you are you male or female?",
DATEOFBIRTH: "Ok, please tell me what is your date of birth?",
DATEOFBIRTH_REPROMPT: "In order to calculate your pension age please tell me your date of birth?",
DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID_FUTURE: "Nice you're from the future. Did you bring a hoverboard? Seriously, can you please say your actual date of birth please?",
DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID: "Please say your date of birth. For example you can say, my date of birth is the 23rd of April 1980",
STOP: "Thank you for using the D W P pension calculator.",
HELP: "You can ask things like: What is my pension age or what are the eligibility criteria.",
HELP_REPROMPT: "Simply say: calculate pension or eligibility criteria.",
UNHANDLED: "I'm sorry I couldn't understand what you meant. Can you please say it again?"
};
// You define a set of state handlers for every state PLUS the new session/launch event.
var newSessionHandlers = {
// session variables stored in this.attributes
// session state is stored in this.handler.state
// handler.state vs Intent vs
'LaunchRequest': function() {
// Initialise State
this.handler.state = states.START;
// emitWithState should be called executeStateHandler("Start").
// As such this will call a handler "Start" in the startStateHandlers object.
// Maybe this line and the previous line could be more coherently wrapped into a single
// function:
// this.stateTransition(states.START, "Start")
this.emit("Start")
},
// It's unclear whether this can ever happen as it's triggered by Alexa itself.
"Unhandled": function() {
var speechText = "I wasn't launched yet";
this.emit(":ask", speechText);
}
};
// This is the beginning of our skill.
// This is a list of accepted intents Alexa is listening for
// when the skill has just started.
// In this specific version, a user can't provide things like date of birth
// or gender as part of the initial skill invocation because we've not included in this set of start state handlers.
// We could but haven't in this particular scenario.
var startStateHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.START, {
'Start': function() {
this.attributes['dob'] = '';
this.attributes['gender'] = '';
this.handler.state = states.START;
var speechText = snippets.WELCOME;
var repromptText = snippets.WELCOME_REPROMPT;
// emit is the exit point to instruct Alexa how to and what to communicate with end user.
// e.g. do we want further information? (:ask)/no further information, skill terminates (:tell)
// do we provide a voice response with or without a card on the mobile device (:ask vs :askWithCard)
// https://github.com/alexa/alexa-skills-kit-sdk-for-nodejs
// as we've said :ask we are expecting the user to provide more information.
// maybe this function could be called this.respond()
// this is going to speak the snippets.WELCOME which implicitly asks a question (hence :ask).
// reprompt text is automatically spoken after a few seconds. This is a feature of the NodeJS SDK.
// See Unhandled for the fallback/unrecognised utteranes.
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
},
// the intent text is defined in the
// Alexa interaction model web page at developer.amazon.com/ask
// represented as sample utterances.
'StartCalculationIntent': function() {
var speechText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH;
var repromptText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH_REPROMPT;
// Change State to calculation
this.handler.state = states.DOB;
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
},
// a predefined Utterance that you don't need to define in your interaction model
// We are choosing to provide this help function but equally you don't need to.
"AMAZON.HelpIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.HELP;
var repromptText = snippets.HELP_REPROMPT;
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
},
"Unhandled": function() {
var speechText = snippets.UNHANDLED;
this.emit(":ask", speechText);
},
// User says stop. Stops even in the middle of a response.
"AMAZON.StopIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
// unclear really what the difference is; default working practice is
// to do the same thing
// in a production system we'd probably dedupe this function.
"AMAZON.CancelIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.StartOverIntent": function() {
this.emit("Start")
},
// TODO determine when this is requested and what initiates it
// Implement handler to save state if state should be stored persistently e.g. to DynamoDB
// 'SessionEndedRequest': function() {
// console.log('session ended!');
// this.emit(':saveState', true);
// }
// TODO add 'AMAZON.RepeatIntent' that repeats the last question.
});
var dobStateHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.DOB, {
'DateOfBirthIntent': function() {
var speechText = "",
repromptText = "";
var date_string = this.event.request.intent.slots.dob.value;
var date = moment(date_string);
if (date.isValid()) {
if (!isFutureDate(date)) {
// ALL GOOD – dob not in the future
speechText = snippets.GENDER;
repromptText = snippets.GENDER_REPROMPT;
this.attributes['dob'] = date_string;
if(isGenderNeeded(date)) {
// Transition to next state
this.handler.state = states.GENDER;
// this.emit(":saveState", false);
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
} else {
// gender not needed
// this.attributes['gender'] = "unisex";
this.handler.state = states.ANSWER;
// this.emit(":saveState", false);
this.emit("Answer")
}
} else {
// dob in the future
speechText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID_FUTURE;
// this.emit(":saveState", false);
repromptText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID_FUTURE; // could be improved by using alternative prompt text
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
}
} else {
// not a valid Date
speechText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID;
// this.emit(':saveState', false);
repromptText = snippets.DATEOFBIRTH_INVALID; // could be improved by using alternative prompt text
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
}
},
"AMAZON.HelpIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.HELP;
var repromptText = snippets.HELP_REPROMPT;
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
},
"Unhandled": function() {
var speechText = snippets.UNHANDLED;
this.emit(":ask", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.StopIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.CancelIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.StartOverIntent": function() {
this.emit("Start")
},
'SessionEndedRequest': function() {
// this.emit(':saveState', false);
// this.attributes['dob'] = date_string;
// this.attributes['dob'] = date_string;
console.log('session ended!');
}
});
var genderStateHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.GENDER, {
'GenderIntent': function() {
var speechText = "",
repromptText = "";
var gender = this.event.request.intent.slots.gender.value;
if (isGenderSlotValid(gender)) {
// valid gender
this.attributes['gender'] = gender;
this.handler.state = states.ANSWER;
this.emit(':saveState', false);
this.emit("Answer");
} else {
// not a valid gender
speechText = snippets.GENDER_INVALID;
repromptText = snippets.GENDER_INVALID; // could be improved by using alternative prompt text
this.emit(':saveState', false);
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
}
},
"AMAZON.HelpIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.HELP;
var repromptText = snippets.HELP_REPROMPT;
this.emit(':ask', speechText, repromptText);
},
"Unhandled": function() {
var speechText = snippets.UNHANDLED;
this.emit(":ask", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.StopIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.CancelIntent": function() {
var speechText = snippets.STOP;
this.emit(":tell", speechText);
},
"AMAZON.StartOverIntent": function() {
this.emitWithState("Start")
},
'SessionEndedRequest': function() {
this.emit(':saveState', false);
console.log('session ended!');
}
});
var answerStateHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.ANSWER, {
'Answer': function() {
console.log(`##### START INPUT SNIPPETS #####`);
// var dob =
// var gender = ;
console.log(`this.attributes.dob: "${this.attributes.dob}"`);
console.log(`this.attributes.gender: "${this.attributes.gender}"`);
var pensionDate = calculator.calculatePension(this.attributes.dob, this.attributes.gender);
console.log(`pensionDate: "${pensionDate}"`);
var speechText = calculator.createPensionSnippet(pensionDate);
// Change State to Start again
this.handler.state = states.START;
this.emit(':tell', speechText);
console.log(`##### STOP SNIPPET #####`);
console.log(``);
},
"Unhandled": function() {
var speechText = snippets.UNHANDLED;
this.emit(":ask", speechText);
}
});
function isGenderSlotValid(gender) {
if (gender == "male" || gender == "female") {
return true
} else {
return false
}
}
function isFutureDate(dob) {
var today = moment();
if (dob > today) {
return true
} else {
return false
}
}
function isGenderNeeded(dob) {
return dob < GENDERCUTOFFDATE;
}
exports.handler = function(event, context, callback) {
var alexa = Alexa.handler(event, context);
alexa.appId = process.env.appId;
// alexa.appId = "your skill ID"; // better store it as ENV variable at AWS Lambda
// alexa.resources = languageStrings;
// register intent handlers for each state + new session.
// Each state constrains possible intents Alexa is listening for.
// If you only have one handler you are context-free and cannot have state.
alexa.registerHandlers(newSessionHandlers, startStateHandlers, dobStateHandlers, genderStateHandlers, answerStateHandlers);
alexa.execute();
};
なぜあなたは 'this.emit（"：saveState "、false）'をやっていますか？率直に言って私は2番目のパラメータが何であるか分かりません（私は[公式説明]（https://github.com/alexa/alexa-skills-kit-sdk-for-nodejs）が不明であることが分かります）。私は 'false'引数は基本的に状態を保存しないスキルを教えてくれると思います。 – spicypumpkin