最近、私は美しい言語Dを学びました。これはとてもプラスチックであり、安定した高速プログラムを書くのに役立ちます。しかし、それは普及していません... Dに書かれたコードはほとんどなく、CやC++にも多くのコードが書かれています。したがって、著者がAndrei Alexanderscuの本を読むと、DライブラリをC++コードにリンクすることについての表面的な質問がありましたが、私は自分自身でそれを学び、DでAutomataInterfaceを実装するCompleteAutomataクラスのインスタンスを返す定義済み関数DライブラリをC++コードにリンクする
#ifndef AUTOMATAINTERFACE_H
#define AUTOMATAINTERFACE_H
class AutomataInterface {
public:
virtual ~AutomataInterface() {}
virtual void next() = 0;
virtual void save() = 0;
virtual void restore() = 0;
virtual void zerofile() = 0;
virtual void invert(unsigned long x, unsigned long y) = 0;
virtual int state(unsigned long x, unsigned long y) const = 0;
virtual unsigned long x() const = 0;
virtual unsigned long y() const = 0;
};
AutomataInterface *createAutomata(unsigned long x, unsigned long y);
#endif // AUTOMATAINTERFACE_H
関連するDコード:C++コードにコードの後
import agregator; // this is my own lib
extern(C++) {
interface AutomataInterface {
void next();
void save();
void restore();
void zerofile();
void invert(size_t x, size_t y);
int state(size_t x, size_t y) const;
size_t x() const;
size_t y() const;
}
AutomataInterface createAutomata(ulong x, ulong y) {
return new CompleteAutomata(x, y);
}
}
export class CompleteAutomata : AutomataInterface {
// instance variables...
this(size_t x, size_t y) { /* ... */ }
extern(C++) {
override void next() {
// ...
}
// others overridden interface methods...
}
}
が書かれていた、私は以下のフラグで、二つの異なるコンパイラ(dmd
とgdc
)によってDライブラリのコンパイルしました:
dmd -release -O -lib -odlib -ofliblife.h *.d
または
gdc -frelease -O2 -Wall -c *.d
ar cq lib/liblife.a *.o
私はリンクをしようと、ライブラリディレクトリ(
-L
オプション)へのパスを追加し、直接(
-l
オプション)のlibを追加してQtのプロジェクトに受信LIBSの各。どちらの場合もエラーが出ます。第
dmd
場合
Iが別のエラーの「不定_d_newclass `を参照」とカップル有する:
g++ -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-z,relro -o automata main.o mainwindow.o renderarea.o button.o playbutton.o moc_mainwindow.o moc_renderarea.o moc_button.o moc_playbutton.o -L/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib -llife -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1fe_5b0.o): In function `createAutomata(unsigned int, unsigned int)':
complete_automata.d:(.text._Z14createAutomatajj+0x27): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0x0): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Class6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0x50): undefined reference to `_D6Object7__ClassZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0xd0): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Class6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0x120): undefined reference to `_D6Object7__ClassZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x68): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object8toStringMFZAya'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x70): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object6toHashMFNbNeZm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x78): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object5opCmpMFC6ObjectZi'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x80): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object8opEqualsMFC6ObjectZb'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0xf8): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object8toStringMFZAya'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x100): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object6toHashMFNbNeZm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x108): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object5opCmpMFC6ObjectZi'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x110): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object8opEqualsMFC6ObjectZb'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o): In function `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata':
complete_automata.d:(.text._D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata+0x1f): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
complete_automata.d:(.text._D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata+0x46): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::next()':
complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata4nextEv+0x2f): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::save()':
complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata4saveEv+0x25): undefined reference to `_adDupT'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::restore()':
complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv+0x33): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::zerofile()':
complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata8zerofileEv+0x2f): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_201_8b7.o): In function `no symbol':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text+0x6): undefined reference to `_Dmodule_ref'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_201_8b7.o):(.data._D12TypeInfo_Axi6__initZ+0x0): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Array6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_201_8b7.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5137__arrayZ':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5137__arrayZ+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_array_bounds'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_201_8b7.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5138__assertFiZv':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5138__assertFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_assertm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_201_8b7.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.51315__unittest_failFiZv':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.51315__unittest_failFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_unittestm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o): In function `no symbol':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text+0x6): undefined reference to `_Dmodule_ref'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o):(.data._D11TypeInfo_xi6__initZ+0x0): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Const6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o):(.data._D11TypeInfo_xi6__initZ+0x10): undefined reference to `_D10TypeInfo_i6__initZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5157__arrayZ':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5157__arrayZ+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_array_bounds'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5158__assertFiZv':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.5158__assertFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_assertm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(object_203_875.o): In function `_D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.51515__unittest_failFiZv':
/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di:(.text._D46/usr/include/dmd/druntime/import/object.di.51515__unittest_failFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_unittestm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `no symbol':
agregator.d:(.text+0x6): undefined reference to `_Dmodule_ref'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o):(.data+0x10): undefined reference to `_D3std6random12__ModuleInfoZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o):(.rodata+0x20): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Class6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D9agregator7__arrayZ':
agregator.d:(.text._D9agregator7__arrayZ+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_array_bounds'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D9agregator8__assertFiZv':
agregator.d:(.text._D9agregator8__assertFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_assertm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D9agregator15__unittest_failFiZv':
agregator.d:(.text._D9agregator15__unittest_failFiZv+0x16): undefined reference to `_d_unittestm'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator_2_5fd.o):(.data+0x0): undefined reference to `_D14TypeInfo_Class6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator_2_5fd.o):(.data+0x50): undefined reference to `_D6Object7__ClassZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator_2_5fd.o):(.rodata+0x48): undefined reference to `_D6object6Object8toStringMFZAya'
...
第2のケースで(gdc
を使用して)I『は、複数の定義』に関するメッセージを受信する。
g++ -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-z,relro -o cellular_life main.o mainwindow.o renderarea.o button.o playbutton.o moc_mainwindow.o moc_renderarea.o moc_button.o moc_playbutton.o -L/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib -llife -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::invert(unsigned long long, unsigned long long)':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x40): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::invert(unsigned long long, unsigned long long)'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata6invertEyy+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::state(unsigned long long, unsigned long long) const':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x60): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::state(unsigned long long, unsigned long long) const'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZNK16CompleteAutomata5stateEyy+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::x() const':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x80): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::x() const'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZNK16CompleteAutomata1xEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::y() const':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0xa0): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::y() const'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZNK16CompleteAutomata1yEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::next()':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x140): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::next()'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata4nextEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.tbss+0x10): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata4nextMRZv7changerC7changer7Changer'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.tbss+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::restore()':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x1b0): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::restore()'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.tbss+0x8): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv9agregatorC9agregator9Agregator'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.tbss+0x8): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.data+0x180): multiple definition of `_D_ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv14SliceAgregator7__ClassZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::zerofile()':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x220): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::zerofile()'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata8zerofileEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.tbss+0x0): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata8zerofileMRZv9agregatorC9agregator9Agregator'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.tbss+0x10): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::save()':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x290): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::save()'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata4saveEv+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.data+0x80): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7__ClassZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.data+0xd0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x9b0): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__ctorMFmmZC17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.rodata+0x420): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0xf0): first defined here
/usr/bin/ld: Warning: size of symbol `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__vtblZ' changed from 104 in /home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o) to 112 in /home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o)
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.rodata+0x4a0): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata6__initZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x90): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.rodata+0x4e0): multiple definition of `_D_ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv14SliceAgregator6__vtblZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x60): first defined here
/usr/bin/ld: Warning: size of symbol `_D_ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv14SliceAgregator6__vtblZ' changed from 48 in /home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o) to 56 in /home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o)
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o):(.rodata+0x520): multiple definition of `_D_ZN16CompleteAutomata7restoreEv14SliceAgregator6__initZ'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1ff_675.o):(.rodata+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D3std7complex14__T7ComplexTeZ7Complex8toStringMxFMDFAxaZvAyaZAya12__lambda1223MFNbNfAxaZv':
agregator.d:(.text+0xaf): undefined reference to `_D11TypeInfo_Aa6__initZ'
agregator.d:(.text+0xb7): undefined reference to `_d_arrayappendT'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D3std4conv16__T6toImplTiTxkZ6toImplFNaNfxkZi15__dgliteral1389MFNaNfZC6object9Throwable':
agregator.d:(.text+0xc5): undefined reference to `_D3std4conv21ConvOverflowException7__ClassZ'
agregator.d:(.text+0xca): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
agregator.d:(.text+0xed): undefined reference to `_D3std4conv21ConvOverflowException6__ctorMFAyaAyamZC3std4conv21ConvOverflowException'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(agregator.o): In function `_D3std6format17__T9getNthIntTxeZ9getNthIntFNaNfkxeZi.part.6':
agregator.d:(.text+0x105): undefined reference to `_D3std6format15FormatException7__ClassZ'
agregator.d:(.text+0x10a): undefined reference to `_d_newclass'
...
...
最近Phobos(D標準ライブラリ)をリンクプロセスに追加しようとしました。 dmd
-lphobos2フラグとgdc
-lgphobos2フラグに対応します。しかしdmd
リンカ出力使用している場合、それは...
私を助けていない:
g++ -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-z,relro -o cellular_life main.o mainwindow.o renderarea.o button.o playbutton.o moc_mainwindow.o moc_renderarea.o moc_button.o moc_playbutton.o -L/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib -llife -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread -lphobos2
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `_Dmain'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.7.2/../../../../lib64/libphobos2.so: undefined reference to `[email protected]_GNUTLS_3'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [cellular_life] Error 1
を、私はlibcurlを-GNUTLSの代替を試してみました:ln -s /usr/lib64/libcurl.so.4 /usr/lib64/libcurl-gnutls.so.4
。 libcurl-gnutlsに関するメッセージは表示されずにリンクされた結果です。
gdc
リンカの出力を使用する場合は、再び「に複数の定義」について話:
/home/newmen/gcc/bin/g++ -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-z,relro -o cellular_life main.o mainwindow.o renderarea.o button.o playbutton.o moc_mainwindow.o moc_renderarea.o moc_button.o moc_playbutton.o -L/home/newmen/gcc/lib64 -L/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib -llife -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread -lgphobos2
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `_D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1e3_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._D17complete_automata16CompleteAutomata7restoreMRZv14SliceAgregator9initValueMxFmmZi+0x0): first defined here
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata.o): In function `CompleteAutomata::invert(unsigned long long, unsigned long long)':
complete_automata.d:(.text+0x40): multiple definition of `CompleteAutomata::invert(unsigned long long, unsigned long long)'
/home/newmen/projects/d/life/lib/liblife.a(complete_automata_1e3_675.o):complete_automata.d:(.text._ZN16CompleteAutomata6invertEyy+0x0): first defined here
...
/home/newmen/gcc/lib64/libgphobos2.a(dmain2.o): In function `main':
/home/newmen/projects/distrib/gcc-4.8.1/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libphobos/libdruntime/../../.././libphobos/libdruntime/rt/dmain2.d:394: multiple definition of `main'
main.o:/home/newmen/projects/d/life/qt_viewer/main.cpp:5: first defined here
/usr/bin/ld: /home/newmen/gcc/lib64/libgphobos2.a(time.o): undefined reference to symbol '[email protected]@GLIBC_2.2.5'
/usr/bin/ld: note: '[email protected]@GLIBC_2.2.5' is defined in DSO /lib64/librt.so.1 so try adding it to the linker command line
/lib64/librt.so.1: could not read symbols: Invalid operation
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [cellular_life] Error 1
を最後にlibrt.so.1についてのメッセージを。私は/ usr/lib64を調べ、そこにライブラリファイルを見ました。
親愛なる魔法使い、DライブラリをC++コードに接続する方法を教えてください。
あなたの答えを見る前に、私はリンカーとして 'dmd'を使う必要があることを知りました。私は主な機能は、C + +コードで説明したときにコードをリンクしようとしました。そのような場合、私はバイナリを手に入れ、起動時にsegfaultを取得します。これは警告します。 あなたの記事を読んだ後、私はあなたが書いたように、Dコードでmain関数を作成し、cppmain関数から呼び出しようとしました。このような場合、リンクした後、セグメンテーションを開始するときもバイナリを取得しますが、今回のバックトレースははるかに多く、Dクラスのメソッドへの参照時にエラーが発生したことを示します。CompleteAutomata –
C++からDに来るときの一般的な間違いの1つは、Dクラスは常にヒープ割り当てが必要なため、CompleteAutomata a =新しいCompleteAtomata();だけでなく、CompleteAutomata a;を実行していることを確認してください。その理由は、Dのクラスは常に参照によって行われます(DのMyClass aはC++のMyClass * aとほとんど同じです)。したがって、newで初期化しないと、参照はnullになり、使用時にはsegfaultになります。 –
別の注記では、DクラスはDからnew'dする必要があり、C++クラスはC++で構築する必要があります。これを回避する方法がありますが、言語は互いにどのようにコンストラクタを呼び出すか分からないため、オブジェクトを初期化するために手動で行う必要があります。しかし、それを母国語で新しくする方がはるかに簡単です。 –