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アプリケーションエンジンの柔軟な環境では、GIS拡張機能を使用してpostgresql dbでdjangoを実行しようとしています。ローカルで実行でき、最終的にはクラウドへの展開が正常に終了しました。しかし、クラウドから実行すると「ERROR：Server Error」というメッセージが表示され、ログファイルには以下のようなトレースがあります。フレキシブル環境でのGDAL
本質的に、 "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal"というフォルダ内のファイルを読むことはできません。そのフォルダは確かにローカルにあります。完全なトレースは次のとおりです。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 578, in spawn_worker
worker.init_process()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 126, in init_process
self.load_wsgi()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in load_wsgi
self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
self.callable = self.load()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 65, in load
return self.load_wsgiapp()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 52, in load_wsgiapp
return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 352, in import_app
__import__(module)
File "/home/vmagent/app/mysite/wsgi.py", line 22, in <module>
application = get_wsgi_application()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application
django.setup(set_prefix=False)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 27, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 202, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 52, in <module>
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 124, in __new__
new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 331, in add_to_class
value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 214, in contribute_to_class
self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 33, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 211, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 115, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py", line 6, in <module>
from .features import DatabaseFeatures
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/features.py", line 1, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.base.features import BaseSpatialFeatures
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models import aggregates
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models.aggregates import * # NOQA
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/aggregates.py", line 1, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models.fields import ExtentField
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis import forms, gdal
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
from .fields import (# NOQA
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/fields.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.geos import GEOSException, GEOSGeometry
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from .collections import (# NOQA
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py", line 11, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py", line 11, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis import gdal
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/datasource.py", line 39, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/driver.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi, raster as rcapi
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/ds.py", line 9, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION, lgdal
File "/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 49, in <module>
lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
File "/opt/python3.5/lib/python3.5/ctypes/__init__.py", line 351, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: /env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal: cannot read file data: Is a directory
ubuntu 16.04で開発されました。
私はvirtualenvの中で単純な "pip install django"を使い始めました。これは、展開時に欠けていると言われる "django/contrib/gis/gdal"フォルダを作成しました。私はGDALをインストールするいくつかの方法を試して、欠落しているヘッダーファイルがないことを確認しました。 Google Cloud SDK 171とgsutil 4.27にもアップグレードされました。 requirements.txtにGDAL == 2.1.3を含めてみましたが、ビルドエラーが発生しましたので削除しました。また、requirements.txtに必要なパッケージがすべて含まれていることを確認するために、「pip freeze」を試みました。
最後に、このチュートリアルの最後で、https://cloud.google.com/python/django/flexible-environmentから始めました。私はローカルのpostgreSQLデータベースではテストしませんでしたが、以前に使用したCloud SQLインスタンス（必要なテーブルを持っていました）に直接行きました。そして今度はpython2.7を使いました。
それでもローカルでは正常に動作しますが、スタックトレースに "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal"というフォルダーがありません。ここに完全なトレースがあります：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 578, in spawn_worker
worker.init_process()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 126, in init_process
self.load_wsgi()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in load_wsgi
self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
self.callable = self.load()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 65, in load
return self.load_wsgiapp()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 52, in load_wsgiapp
return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 352, in import_app
__import__(module)
File "/home/vmagent/app/mysite/wsgi.py", line 22, in <module>
application = get_wsgi_application()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application
django.setup(set_prefix=False)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 27, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 202, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 52, in <module>
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 124, in __new__
new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 331, in add_to_class
value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 214, in contribute_to_class
self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 33, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 211, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 115, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py", line 6, in <module>
from .features import DatabaseFeatures
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/features.py", line 1, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.base.features import BaseSpatialFeatures
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models import aggregates
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models.aggregates import * # NOQA
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/aggregates.py", line 1, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.db.models.fields import ExtentField
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis import forms, gdal
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
from .fields import (# NOQA
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/fields.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.geos import GEOSException, GEOSGeometry
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from .collections import (# NOQA
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py", line 11, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py", line 11, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis import gdal
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/datasource.py", line 39, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/driver.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi, raster as rcapi
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/ds.py", line 9, in <module>
from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION, lgdal
File "/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 45, in <module>
% '", "'.join(lib_names)
ImproperlyConfigured: Could not find the GDAL library (tried "gdal", "GDAL", "gdal2.1.0", "gdal2.0.0", "gdal1.11.0", "gdal1.10.0", "gdal1.9.0"). Is GDAL installed? If it is, try setting GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.
何か助けていただければ幸いです。
ダン