1
をシャットダウンし、私のシミュレーションクラッシュ:omnet ++シミュレーションがクラッシュし、ノードは私がpowerusage最適化されたAODVとOLSR(<a href="https://github.com/marcelebbrecht/powerrouting" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/marcelebbrecht/powerrouting</a>)</p> <p>私のノードは、バッテリーが不足し、シャットダウンに取り組んでいます
** Event #32188 t=8.579288289439 0% completed
OLSR.router23.energyManagement (SimpleEpEnergyManagement, id=377)
[WARN] Capacity reached node shutdown threshold
[INFO] Doing stage 0/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] OLSR.router23 shutting down
[INFO] Doing stage 1/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes 2-hop neighbor tuple: nb_addr = ▒▒c nb2hop_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node removes MPR selector tuple: nb_addr =
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes link tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node 145.236.0.10 removes neighbor tuple: nb_addr = 145.236.0.10
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 0
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 0
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 1
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 6
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 3
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 3
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 3
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 3
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 2
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 2
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 2
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes topology tuple: dest_addr = ▒▒c last_addr = ▒▒c seq = 4
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] 8.579288: Node ▒▒c removes iface association tuple: main_addr = ▒▒c iface_addr = ▒▒c
[INFO] Doing stage 2/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] Doing stage 3/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] Doing stage 4/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.1 gw:145.236.0.5 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.2 gw:145.236.0.5 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.3 gw:145.236.0.7 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.4 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:4 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.5 gw:145.236.0.5 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.6 gw:145.236.0.6 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.7 gw:145.236.0.7 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.8 gw:145.236.0.7 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.9 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:3 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.11 gw:145.236.0.11 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.12 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.13 gw:145.236.0.13 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.14 gw:145.236.0.14 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.15 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.16 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.17 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:3 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.18 gw:145.236.0.13 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.19 gw:145.236.0.13 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.20 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.21 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:3 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.22 gw:145.236.0.22 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:1 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.23 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:3 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.24 gw:145.236.0.7 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:145.236.0.25 gw:145.236.0.15 mask:255.255.255.255 metric:2 if:wlan0(145.236.0.10) REMOTE MANET
[INFO] remove route dest:127.0.0.0 gw:* mask:255.0.0.0 metric:1 if:lo0(127.0.0.1) DIRECT IFACENETMASK
[INFO] Doing stage 5/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] Doing stage 6/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] Transmission aborted: (inet::physicallayer::RadioFrame)UDPData-73 WHOLE as IdealTransmission, communicationRange = 250 m, interferenceRange = 350 m, detectionRange = 350 m, id = 459, transmitterId = 9, startTime = 8.578822834886, endTime = 8.579576289431, startPosition = (250, 400, 0), preambleDuration = 0, headerPosition = 0, dataPosition = 0.000753454545, endPosition = (250, 400, 0), startOrientation = (0, 0, 0), endOrientation = (0, 0, 0)
[WARN] Aborting ongoing transmissions is not supported
[INFO] Changing radio transmission state from TRANSMITTING to IDLE.
[INFO] scheduling ACK timeout
[INFO] Radio mode changed from TRANSMITTER to RECEIVER
[INFO] Changing radio reception state from UNDEFINED to IDLE.
[INFO] Changing radio transmission state from IDLE to UNDEFINED.
[INFO] Changing radio transmitted signal part from WHOLE to NONE.
[INFO] Radio mode changed from RECEIVER to OFF
[INFO] Changing radio reception state from IDLE to UNDEFINED.
[INFO] Doing stage 7/8 of operation inet::NodeShutdownOperation on OLSR.router23
[INFO] OLSR.router23 shut down
** Event #32189 t=8.579324107621 0% completed OLSR.router23.wlan[0].mac (CsmaCaMac, id=401)
<!> Error: Self message 'AckTimeout' received when CsmaCaMac is down -- in module (inet::CsmaCaMac) OLSR.router23.wlan[0].mac (id=401), at t=8.579324107621s, event #32189
[INFO] Clear all sockets
[INFO] Clear all sockets
何かヒント?コードは
マスターブランチ –
コードを調べずに、いくつかのタイマーがスケジュールされているというエラーメッセージから推測して、ノードをシャットダウンすると、実行中のタイマーをすべてチェックしてキャンセルするのを忘れてしまいました。したがって、タイマーが起動すると、ノードが停止しているためhandleMessageで処理できません。 –
これはvanilla inetでも発生します - 単にcsmacamacを有効にして、ノードに電源が切れてしまうようにします - > bam ... –